ABSTRACT
Background:Among corneal diseases, microbial keratitis is a major blinding disease.Objectives: To study the disease pattern and aetiology, to evaluate drug use pattern and the therapeutic outcome in Infectious Keratitis patients.Material And Methods:Prospective observational follow up study was carried out for 16 weeks. IEC permission and Written Informed Consent fr om the patients were taken before hand. Patients above 18 years of age and of either gender presenting to Outpatient department of Ophthalmology and diagnosed with Infectious Keratitis were included in the study. Patient's demographic details, diagnosis and the complete prescription were recorded in a case record form.Result:A total of 150 patients wereenrolled. Infectious Keratitis was prevalent in age group of 61–70 years (39.33%). Bacterial keratitis (52%) was the most common type followed by fungal (42%) and Viral keratitis (5%). A total of 17(11.33%) patients needed surgical intervention. At the last follow up 61(40.66%) patients had improved vision. There was a significant statistical difference found between age groups of <65 years and >65years for keratitis outcome. Improvement in vision (p=0.0264) & slit lamp findings (p=0.0148) were seen in younger age group.Conclusion:Bacterial keratitis was the most common cause of Infectious keratitis. Trauma was the commonest factor found majority of cases. Younger age group had better visual outcome.
ABSTRACT
Background: Helicobacter pylori colonization is a risk factor for Adenocarcinomas of the distal (noncardia) stomach. The presence of Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with primary gastric lymphoma. The urea breath test, the stool antigen test, and biopsy-based tests can all be used to assess the success of treatment. Helicobacter pylori is susceptible to a wide range of antibiotics in vitro, monotherapy is not usually successful, probably because of inadequate antibiotic delivery to the colonization niche. Current regimens consist of a PPI or H2 blocker, bismuth citrate and two or three antimicrobial agents given for 7-14 days. Research on optimizing drug combinations to increase efficacy continues. Efficacy of Sequential Therapy versus Standard Triple Therapy versus Quinolone-based Triple Therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection is done in this study.Methods: This study had been conducted on 150 patients divided into three groups randomly 50 Patients each and were treated with Sequential, Standard and Quinolone based triple therapy respectively. Patients were followed up no sooner than four weeks of completing therapy by rapid urease test to confirm eradication.Results: There was no significant difference with regards to presence of GERD, Gastric Ulcers, Duodenal Ulcers (p value>0.05) except for presence of erosive gastritis which was significantly higher in patients in quinolone group (p value<0.05). The eradication rate was 90%, 86%, 82% in Sequential therapy group, Triple therapy group and Fluroquinolone group respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference in eradication rates in these groups (p value>0.05).Conclusions: Sequential therapy group had better eradication rates (90%) as compared to standard triple therapy group (86%) and fluroquinolone therapy group (82%) but results were not statistically significant when all three groups were compared together.
ABSTRACT
The quinolones are generally well tolerated. The adverse reactions of quinolones include gastrointestinal symptoms, which are the most frequent, neuropsychiatric symptoms, hematologic abnormalities and less frequently, hypersensitivity skin reactions. Herein we report a case of 13 years old boy, who was suffering from upper respiratory tract infection and was treated with ofloxacin by a private practitioner and developed hypersensitivity reaction, one hour after taking ofloxacin tablet. Hospitalization and treatment of patient was carried out. Since hypersensitivity reaction to ofloxacin is rare, proper history of drug reactions should be taken while prescribing ofloxacin. Attention must be paid to potential side-effects of the drug while prescribing any medication, and close follow-up with patients is a medical necessity to evaluate for these adverse reactions, especially with quinolones.
Subject(s)
Child , Fluoroquinolones/administration & dosage , Fluoroquinolones/adverse effects , Humans , Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Hypersensitivity/etiology , Male , Ofloxacin/administration & dosage , Ofloxacin/adverse effectsABSTRACT
El Streptococcus pneumoniae, principal agente causal de la neumonía comunitaria, líder en la etiología de la otitis media y la meningitis, en las últimas 3 décadas ha incrementado, de manera importante, su resistencia a los agentes terapéuticos más utilizados, como los betalactámicos, macrólidos, azálidos y fluroquinolonas. La versatilidad adaptativa del microorganismo le ha permitido crear mecanismos capaces de sobreponerse a cualquiera de estas agresiones terapéuticas con un grado variable de eficacia. Se realiza una revisión de los mecanismos más importantes implicados en la adquisición de resistencia antimicrobiana por S. pneumoniae, y se precisan algunos de los factores de riesgo implicados en infección por S. pneumoniae resistente
The Streptococcus pneumoniae, the main causal agent of community pneumonia, leader in the etiology of the otitis media and the meningitis, during the past three decades has increase in a significant way its resistance to the more used therapeutic agents including the beta-lactamase, macrolides, azalides and fluroquinolones. Adaptive versatility of the microorganism allows it to create mechanisms able to overcome to any of these therapeutical aggressions with a variable degree of effectiveness. Authors made a review of the more important mechanisms involved in acquisition of the antimicrobial resistance by S. pneumoniae and some of risk factors involved in the infection due to resistant S. pneumoniae are specified